Mental health and intentions to quit among nurses in Iran during COVID-19 Pandemic: A social identity approach.

The positive effects of social identification on mental health are well documented in the literature. However, most of this research has been conducted among small groups in WEIRD (Western Educated Industrialized Rich and Democratic Henrich, Heine, & Norenzayan, 2010, Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 33, 61) settings. Understanding how social identity as a psychological source can improve resilience and welfare among frontline healthcare workers in non-WEIRD contexts can help to alleviate the negative impact of large-scale epidemics overall, especially in resource-poor settings and contribute towards improved welfare of key healthcare workers. The present research investigates whether identifying as a nurse could influence mental health and intentions to quit directly and indirectly via positive and negative emotions among a unique sample of Iranian nurses (N = 462) during a risky period, the COVID-19 pandemic. Multiple regression results showed that identifying as a nurse was negatively associated with negative emotions which in turn were positively related to depressive symptoms. In a similar vein, identifying as a nurse was positively associated with positive emotions which, in turn, were negatively related to intentions to quit. Results also confirmed that risk perceptions related to COVID-19 positively moderated the effect of social identification on negative emotions only. That is, identification as a nurse was associated with reduced negative emotions only when perceived risk was low. We discuss the theoretical and practical implications of the findings.

Grup Dinamikleri Bağlamında Çatışma Çözümü ve Barış Ínşası: Turkish Journal of Psychology

Bu durum bir bireyin benliǧini bir grupla özdeşleştirdiǧi zaman oluşan grup yanlılıǧının gruplar arası çatışmanın bir yandan kaynaǧını oluştururken (Fiske, 2012), aynı yanlılıǧın diǧer yandan kimlikleri nedeniyle dezavantajlı konuma itilmiş toplulukların kendi demokratik haklarını korumalarının psikolojik kaynaklarını oluşturabileceǧini de göstermektedir. Hatta insanlıǧın tamamını tehdit altına alan ve ansızın dünyayı saran COVID-19 virüsünün neden olduǧu salgın koşulları bile insan grupları arasındaki bu inatçı ayrılıkları ve devletlerin politikalarını ne dünyada (bkz. Bu noktadan hareketle çatışma, anlaşmazlık, uzlaşı ve barış-inşası alanlarında yapılan bilimsel araştırmalara yeni bir ivme kazandırmak ve sosyal kimliklerin ve grup kimliklerinin psikolojik dinamiklerini ortaya koyma çabalarına katkıda bulunmak için Türk Psikoloji Dergisi'nin "Grup Dinamikleri Baǧlamında Çatışma Çözümü ve Barış-Ínşası" başlıklı özel sayısını hazırladık. Bu özel sayıda yer alan toplam altı makalede grup dinamikleri üzerine yapılan araştırmaların kavramsal arka planını oluşturan, Sosyal Kimlik Kuramı (Tajfel ve Turner, 1986), Sosyal Temsiller Kuramı (Moskovici, 1988), Ínsanlıktan Uzaklaştırma Kuramı (Leyens ve ark., 2000), Bütünleşik Tehdit Kuramı (Stephan ve Stephan, 2000), Sistemi Meşrulaştırma Kuramı (Jost ve Banaji, 1994) ve Sosyal Baskınlık Kuramı (Sidanius ve Pratto, 1999) gibi kuramların yanı sıra, kolektif suçluluk gibi duygulara, kolektif eylem gibi içgruba odaklanan davranışlara, dışgruba yönelik tutum, davranışsal eǧilim ve deǧerler sistemi gibi konulara odaklanılmıştır. Bu araştırmanın sonuçları barışın, huzurlu bir yaşam, ideal bireyler ve ideal ilişkiler ile yakından ilişkili olduǧunu ve barışın saǧlanması için sorumluluǧun çoǧunlukla bireye, ikincil olarak da otoritelere atfedildiǧini göstermiştir. Íkinci makalede ise Demirdaǧ ve Hasta'nın (2020) dışgrup üyelerini insanlıktan uzaklaştırmanın 2013 yılında başlatılan barış sürecinin desteklenmesi üzerindeki etkisini inceledikleri iki araştırmanın sonuçları yer almaktadır.

Stress and worry in the 2020 coronavirus pandemic: relationships to trust and compliance with preventive measures across 48 countries in the COVIDiSTRESS global survey.

The COVIDiSTRESS global survey collects data on early human responses to the 2020 COVID-19 pandemic from 173 429 respondents in 48 countries. The open science study was co-designed by an international consortium of researchers to investigate how psychological responses differ across countries and cultures, and how this has impacted behaviour, coping and trust in government efforts to slow the spread of the virus. Starting in March 2020, COVIDiSTRESS leveraged the convenience of unpaid online recruitment to generate public data. The objective of the present analysis is to understand relationships between psychological responses in the early months of global coronavirus restrictions and help understand how different government measures succeed or fail in changing public behaviour. There were variations between and within countries. Although Western Europeans registered as more concerned over COVID-19, more stressed, and having slightly more trust in the governments' efforts, there was no clear geographical pattern in compliance with behavioural measures. Detailed plots illustrating between-countries differences are provided. Using both traditional and Bayesian analyses, we found that individuals who worried about getting sick worked harder to protect themselves and others. However, concern about the coronavirus itself did not account for all of the variances in experienced stress during the early months of COVID-19 restrictions. More alarmingly, such stress was associated with less compliance. Further, those most concerned over the coronavirus trusted in government measures primarily where policies were strict. While concern over a disease is a source of mental distress, other factors including strictness of protective measures, social support and personal lockdown conditions must also be taken into consideration to fully appreciate the psychological impact of COVID-19 and to understand why some people fail to follow behavioural guidelines intended to protect themselves and others from infection. The Stage 1 manuscript associated with this submission received in-principle acceptance (IPA) on 18 May 2020. Following IPA, the accepted Stage 1 version of the manuscript was preregistered on the Open Science Framework at https://osf.io/g2t3b. This preregistration was performed prior to data analysis.

Conclusion: Implications for future research

During the preparation of the manuscripts for this book, Latin America witnessed an unprecedented migration crisis, with millions of Venezuelans fleeing to Colombia, Peru, and Chile;thousands of Nicaraguans seeking asylum in Costa Rica;and a massive exodus from the Northern Triangle of Central America to the United States. Additionally, the economic crisis induced by COVID-19 increased border restrictions with an important impact on the mobility of migrants and the role of humanitarian organizations. This concluding chapter provides a brief description about the book and its preceding chapters. This book is an attempt to contribute to the understanding and prevention of these issues from the psychological perspectives of the acculturation models and intergroup theories, presenting data-driven studies from seven Latin American countries on the psychosocial antecedents and consequences of the (permanent or temporary, voluntary or forced) coexistence of two or more independent cultural groups in our region. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved)

Joint Investigation of 2-Month Post-diagnosis IgG Antibody Levels and Psychological Measures for Assessing Longer Term Multi-Faceted Recovery Among COVID-19 Cases in Northern Cyprus.

Following the outbreak of COVID-19, multidisciplinary research focusing on the long-term effects of the COVID-19 infection and the complete recovery is still scarce. With regards to long-term consequences, biomarkers of physiological effects as well as the psychological experiences are of significant importance for comprehensively understanding the complete COVID-19 recovery. The present research surveys the IgG antibody titers and the impact of COVID-19 as a traumatic experience in the aftermath of the active infection period, around 2 months after diagnosis, in a subset of COVID-19 patients from the first wave (March-April 2020) of the outbreak in Northern Cyprus. Associations of antibody titers and psychological survey measures with baseline characteristics and disease severity were explored, and correlations among various measures were evaluated. Of the 47 serology tests conducted for presence of IgG antibodies, 39 (83%) were positive. We identified trends demonstrating individuals experiencing severe or critical COVID-19 disease and/or those with comorbidities are more heavily impacted both physiologically and mentally, with higher IgG titers and negative psychological experience compared to those with milder disease and without comorbidities. We also observed that more than half of the COVID-19 cases had negative psychological experiences, being subjected to discrimination and verbal harassment/insult, by family/friends. In summary, as the first study co-evaluating immune response together with mental status in COVID-19, our findings suggest that further multidisciplinary research in larger sample populations as well as community intervention plans are needed to holistically address the physiological and psychological effects of COVID-19 among the cases.